Effect of posterior tibial slope on the short-term outcome in mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the relationship between postoperative knee function and the sagittal position of tibial component in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively enrolled the patients who underwent UKA from January 2016 to May 2020. They were assigned into 2 groups according to postoperative posterior tibial slope (PTS): the normal PTS group (PTS≥3° and PTS < 8°) and the abnormal PTS group (PTS < 3° or ≥8°). The patients were followed up for at least 12 months. The postoperative Knee Society Clinical Score (KSS-C), Knee Society Functional Score (KSS-F) and knee range of motion (ROM) were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#A total of 72 patients (82 knees) were included with 51 patients (58 knees) in PTS normal group and 21 patients (24 knees) in PTS abnormal group. All the patients were followed up with median of 23.6 months. There was no significant difference in the general data [gender, age, body mass index (BMI)], pre-operative knee range of motion, preoperative KSS-C score and KSS-F score (P > 0.01). The KSS-C score, KSS-F score, and knee range of motion significantly improved after surgery (P < 0.01) for all the patients. The postoperative KSS-C score in normal PTS group (88.76±2.79) was significantly higher than the KSS-C score in abnormal PTS group (84.42±3.35, P < 0.01), but no significant difference between the 2 groups was observed in postoperative KSS-F score and knee range of motion (P > 0.01). In addition, there was no correlation between the change of PTS and postoperative KSS-C score (r=-0.034, 95%CI: -0.247 to 0.186, P = 0.759), KSS-F score (r = -0.014, 95%CI: -0.238 to 0.198, P = 0.901) and knee range of motion (r= 0.045, 95%CI: -0.214 to 0.302, P = 0.686).@*CONCLUSION@#The posterior tibial slope between 3° and < 8° can be recommended to improve knee joint function in mobile UKA, and excessive or insufficient PTS should be avoided.

Transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia secondary incomplete ejaculatory duct obstruction: A report of 8 cases / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the utility of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy with a slender ureteroscope in the treatment of severe oligoasthenozoospermia secondary incomplete ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO).@*METHODS@#From March 2018 to September 2018, the clinical data of 8 patients with severe oligoasthenozoospermia secondary incomplete EDO treated by the technique of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in the Peking University Third Hospital Reproductive Center were analyzed. Preoperative routine included semen analysis, hormone determination, transrectal ultrasonography, pelvic magne-tic resonance examination and other examinations. All the patients were diagnosed with severe oligoasthenozoospermia secondary to incomplete EDO. All the patients were operated by the same surgeon with multiple cases of experience in transurethral surgery, and 1 year follow-up was conducted to evaluate the surgical effect.@*RESULTS@#The average age of the 8 patients was 29 years, and the average operation time was 32 min. Preoperative transrectal ultrasound indicated 6 cases of ejaculatory duct cyst or Mullerian cyst, 1 case of prostate calcification and bilateral seminal vesicle dilatation. The average maximum transverse diameter of the right seminal vesicle in pelvic MRI was 33.60 mm (24.63-42.28 mm), the average maximum transverse diameter of the left seminal vesicle was 32.85 mm (25.91-44.89 mm), the ave-rage maximum antero-posterior diameter was 27.99 mm (21.36-33.12 mm), the average maximum width of the seminal vesicle duct was 10.53 mm (5.93-19.39 mm). There were 5 cases of ejaculatory duct cyst, 2 cases of seminal vesicle hemorrhage, and 1 case of Mullerian cyst. The semen volume [(2.64±0.80) mL], the sperm concentration [(49.76±8.50)×106/mL], and the motility (grade a+b) [(25.76±6.48)%] in postoperation were significantly higher than those in preoperation [(1.46±0.50) mL, (28.78±5.17)×106/mL, and (2.88±0.93)%, P < 0.05]. Two patients conceived naturally during the follow-up of 6 months after surgery. There were no severe complications, such as retrograde ejaculation, urinary incontinence or rectal injury.@*CONCLUSION@#The technique of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy is safe and effective for treating severe oligoasthenozoospermia secondary to incomplete EDO. However, due to the small sample size of this study, short follow-up time, and the uncertainty in seminal vesicle surgery, it still needs to be further confirmed by long-term follow-up studies with large samples.

Discussion on clinical application of "touching-bone" acupuncture technique / 中国针灸

The value of the "touching-bone" acupuncture technique in clinical application was explained through the investigation on the origin of the theory of the "touching-bone" acupuncture technique, the analysis on the characteristics of acupoint selection, the introduction of clinical characteristics and the discussion on the mechanism of acupuncture in treatment. The "touching-bone" acupuncture technique refers to deep needling method, originated from the short needling and needling of the ancient needling methodslisted in the . The target points are the reaction sites on meridian near to bone and the attachments of soft tissues on bone. During the needle insertion, the needle tip is thrust deeply to the bone or the needle body is closely attached to the bone so as to stimulate periosteum specifically. This needling technique contributes to the satisfactory effect on spasmodic, deep-located and intractable pain disorder, motor system diseases, mental diseases and cerebral diseases, etc. Hence, this acupuncture technique deserves to be promoted in clinical application and explored in research.

Study of the thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time,to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Methods:A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time,i.e.Chen (7:00-9:00),Wu (11:00-13:00) and Xu (19:00-21:00).The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions (different periods of time,different genders,different acupoints and different states of the acupoints) based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Results:Finally,thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included.The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa:latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time (P＜0.05);the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides (P＞0.05);in the female group,there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points (P＜0.05).The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state:in the period of Wu (11:00-13:00),the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points (P＜0.05);for men,their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points (P＜0.05);despite the gender,the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points (P＜0.05);in the female group,the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa,the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time,gender,acupoint location and opening/closing state,which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions.

Factors affecting the safety and efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the factors that affect the safety and efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for treatment of achalasia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of consecutive patients undergoing POEM for confirmed achalasia between December, 2010 and December, 2015 were collected, including the procedure time, approach of tunnel entry incision, approach of myotomy, complications and follow-up data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the total of 439 patients enrolled, the overall complication rate was 28.7% (126/439). Treatment success (Eckardt score≤3) was achieved in 94.5% of 364 patients followed up for a median of 6 months (1-48 months), and the mean score was reduced significantly from 6.7∓1.5 before treatment to 1.2∓1.1 after the treatment (P<0.05). Logistic regression revealed that the year when POEM was performed and the approach of entry incision were two significant factors contributing to complications: with the year 2015 as the reference, the odds ratio (OR) was 9.454 (95% CI: 2.499-35.76) for the years before 2011, 2.177 (95% CI: 0.794-5.974) for 2012, 3.975 (95% CI: 1.904-8.298) for 2013, and 1.079 (95% CI: 0.601-1.940) for 2014; with the longitudinal entry incision as the reference, the OR was 0.369 (95% CI: 0.165-0.824) for inverted T entry incision and 0.456 (95% CI: 0.242-0.859) for transverse entry incision. The approach of myotomy was the significantly associated with symptomatic relapse: with full-thickness myotomy combined with indwelling an anti-reflux belt as the reference, the OR was 0.363 (95% CI: 0.059-2.250) for gradual full-thickness myotomy, 2.137 (95% CI: 0.440-10.378) for circular muscle myotomy, and 4.385 (95% CI: 0.820-23.438) for circular muscle myotomy in combination with balloon shaping; the recurrence rate was 0 with a full-thickness myotomy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The complication rates of POEM appears to decrease over time, and an inverted T entry incision is the best choice for controlling the complications. Gradual full-thickness myotomy is an excellent approach for treatment of achalasia in terms of the relapse rate, procedure time and the incidence of reflux esophagitis.</p>

Open, multicenter, phase Ⅳ clinical trial of Shenbei Guchang capsules in treatment of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Shenbei Guchang capsules in treatment of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (yang deficiency of spleen and kidney) under widely used conditions, an open, multicenter, controlled, phase Ⅳ clinical trial was conducted in the drug clinical trial centers of 16 domestic hospitals. 2 123 patients from June 10, 2011 to November 29, 2012 were enrolled in the trial. Drug clinical trial was approved by Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Ethics Committee before implementation. Before the start of trial, subjects were selected according to the research scheme and inclusion criteria, then they would step into the 14 d study after signing Informed Consent Form. All subjects were treated according to the research scheme, evaluated the conditions and filled in CFR sheet, to provide the evaluation data and information on safety and efficacy of Shenbei Guchang capsules. Shenbei Guchang capsules were used to treat diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome in widely used conditions (2 123 cases), and 2 029 cases of them entered FAS set, cure+markedly effective in 1 921 cases, with a comprehensive curative effect rate of 94.68%; 2 010 cases of them entered PPS set, cure+markedly effective in 1 906 cases, with a comprehensive curative effect rate of 94.83%. The primary symptoms of IBS were abdominal pain and diarrhea. After treatment, both abdominal pain and diarrhea were improved, with significant differences (P<0.000 1). There were significant differences in traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores on both post-treatment day 7 and day 14 as compared with the conditions before treatment (P<0.000 1). 35 cases of adverse events occurred during the trial with an incidence of 1.65%, including 12 cases of drug-related adverse events (adverse reaction) with an incidence of 0.57%, mainly manifested as nausea, abdominal distension and dry mouth, most of which would be spontaneously relieved without any measures. No serious adverse events occurred. The commercially available Shenbei Guchang capsules are proved safe and effective for the treatment of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (yang deficiency of spleen and kidney) under widely used conditions (2 123 cases), and can be continued for clinical promotion and application.

Recent advance in therapies for age -related macular degeneration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Age - related macular degeneration ( AMD ) is the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in elderly people among white - dominated population. At percent, treatment for AMD includes anti - vascular endothelial growth factor antibody ( Anti- VEGF ) drug treatment, photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) , topical application of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) and laser therapy ( nanosecond laser) etc. Through comparative analysis of different treatment methods of AMD, we review the mechanism, clinical efficacy, adverse events and cost effectiveness to provide the basis for clinical treatment.

Impact on the gait time cycle of ischemic stroke in the treatment with yin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the difference in the efficacy on gait time cycle of ischemic stroke between yin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique (yin-yang needling) and the conventional acupuncture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cases of ischemic stroke were randomized into a conventional acupuncture group and a yin-yang needling group, 30 cases in each one. The basic treatment (the control of blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid, the intravenous drops of ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection and vinpocetine injection) were applied in the two groups. Additionally, in the conventional acupuncture group, the acupoints of the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming [Biguan (ST 31), Liangqiu (ST 34), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Xiajuxu (ST 39), etc.] were selected and stimulated with the even needling technique. In the yin-yang needling group, the acupoints of yin meridians such as Zuwuli (LR 10), Xuehai (SP 10), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc. and the acupoints of yang meridians such as Biguan (ST 31), Liangqiu (ST 34) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. were selected. The reducing manipulation of respiratory reinforcing and reducing technique was applied to the acupoints of yin meridians and the reinforcing manipulation was applied to the acupoints of yang meridians. The kinematics time parameters were determined and compared before and 4 weeks after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the differences in the gait cycle, the phase time of standing (%), the phase time of single support (%), the phase time of unilateral sway (%) on the affected (healthy) foot and phase time of double support (%) were significant as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P < 0.05), in which, the gait cycle (1.75 +/- 0.21 vs 2.02 +/- 0.37), the phase time of standing (%) on the affected (healthy) foot [(65.41 +/- 5.20)% vs (68.37 +/- 6.24)%, (70.99 +/- 6.47)% vs (74.51 +/- 5.19)%], the phase time of unilateral sway (%) on the affected (healthy) foot [(36.08 +/- 4.86)% vs (33.65 +/- 2.94)%, (31.04 +/- 3.41)% vs (26.77 +/- 2.67)%] and the phase time of double support (%) [(36.91 +/- 5.10)% vs (41.22 +/- 5.39)%] in the yin-yang needling group were improved much obviously after treatment as compared with those in the conventional acupuncture group. The differences in support phase time (%), single support phase time (%) and sway phase time (%) were significant between the affected limb and healthy limb of the two groups after treatment (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Yin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique effectively improves hemiplegic gait movement cycle and walking function in patients of ischemic stroke, which is superior to the conventional acupuncture treatment.</p>

Laparoscopic left hepatectomy in swine: a safe and feasible technique

A purely laparoscopic four-port approach was created for left hepatectomy in pigs. A polyethylene loop was placed on the left two hepatic lobes for traction and lift. Next, penetrating ligation of the lobes using of a double row of silk sutures was performed to control bleeding. A direct hepatic transection was completed using a monopolar hook electrode without meticulous dissection of the left hepatic vein. The raw surface of the liver was coagulated and sealed with fibrin glue. Lobes were retrieved through an enlarged portal. Laparoscopic hepatic lobectomy was completed in all pigs without the use of specialized instruments and with a mean operative time of 179 +/- 9 min. No significant perioperative complications were observed. The average weight of each resected lobe was 180 +/- 51 g. Complete blood count as well as serum organics and enzyme levels normalized after about 2 weeks. During necropsy, adhesion of the hepatic raw surface to the gastric wall and omentum were observed. No other abnormalities were identified. This minimally invasive left hepatectomy technique in swine could serve as a useful model for investigating liver diseases and regeneration, and offer preclinical information to improve hepatobiliary surgical procedures.

Impacts of yin-yang meridians acupuncture with respiratory reinforcing and reducing manipulation on lower limbs balance function in stroke patients / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the impact on lower limbs balance function in treatment of yin-yang meridians acupuncture with respiratory reinforcing and reducing manipulation involved in the patients of stroke by applying B-PHY balance function test training system so as to provide the objective evidence in treatment of stroke; with acupuncture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 50 cases in each one. In the control group, the basic treatment was applied, without other relevant rehabilitation therapies associated. In the observation group, with the basic treatment as the control group's, the therapy of the yin-yang meridians acupuncutre with respiratory reinforcing and reducing manipulation was adopted. On the yin meridians, Zuwuli (LR 10), Xuehai (SP 10), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and the others were selected and stimulated with reducing manipulation achieved by the coordination of patient's respiration. On the yang meridians, Biguan (ST 31), Liangqiu (ST 34), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and the others were selected and stimulated with reinforcing manipulation achieved by the coordination of patient's respiration. The treatment was given once a day and for 28 days totally. Before treatment and in 28 days of treatment, B-PHY balance function test training system was used to determine the weight shift track parameters (track length, peripheral square, track length of per unit square, left-right offset and rectangle square), the weight shift track distance parameters [mean of X axle weight shift distance (Mean-X), mean of Y axle weight shift distance (Mean-Y), maximum of X axle weight shift distance (Max-X), maximum of Y axle weight shift distance (Max-Y), weight shift distance (LSKG), weight shift square (SSKG), square ratio of weight shift (LFS)], stability coefficient (SI) and weight distribution coefficient (WDI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the differences in the weight shift track parameters, SI and WDI were significant as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P<0.01); while the differences in the weight shift distance parameters in the observation group were improved obviously after treatment as compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01), the differences of Mean-X, Max-Y and LFS in the control group were improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01). Except SSKG, the improvements after treatment in the rest indices in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The yin-yang meridians acupuncture with respiratry reinforcing and re- ducing manipulation effectively improves the lower limbs balance function in the patients of stroke.</p>

Efficacy observation on wrist-ankle needle for primary dysmenorrhea in undergraduates / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare efficacy difference among wrist-ankle needle, body-acupuncture and ibuprofen in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-five cases were randomly divided into a wrist-ankle needle group (32 cases), a body-acupuncture group (31 cases) and an ibuprofen group (32 cases). Acupunc- , ture at Lower 1 and Lower 2 area was applied in the wrist-ankle needle group. Acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were applied in the body-acupuncture group. Ibuprofen sustained-release capsules were given for oral administration in the ibuprofen group. The treatment began 3 days before menses, once a day, until pain was relieved. One menstrual cycle was taken as a treatment course, continuously for 3 courses and efficacy were observed in three groups. The symptom score of dysmenorrhea and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to assess pain severity before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1The efficacy differences in three groups were statistically significant (P<0.01), in which the total effective rate was 90. 0% (27/30) in the wrist-ankle needle group, 73.4% (22/30) in the body-acupuncture group and 46. 7% (14/30) in the ibuprofen group. 2 After the treatment, symptom score of dysmenorrhea and VAS were all obviously lower than that before the treatment in three groups (all P<0.01). Compared with ibuprofen group (7.12+/-2.70), after the treatment symptom score of dysmenorrhea in the wrist-ankle needle group (4.00+/-3.40) and body-acupuncture group (5. 53+/-2. 80) was obviously decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and VAS in the wrist-ankle needle group was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with body-acupuncture group (5. 53+/-2.80), symptom score of dysmenorrhea in the wrist-ankle needle group (4.00+/- 3. 40) was obviously decreased (P<0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The wrist-ankle needle has better effect than body acupuncture and ibuprofen on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea, which could significantly improve dysmenorrhea symptoms.</p>

Protective effect of Pinus massoniana bark extracts against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in human embryonic kidney cells / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the in vitro protective effect of Pinus massoniana bark extracts (PMBE) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), and preliminarily study its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) were cultured in vitro. The MTT assay was adopted to test the effect of PMBE and cisplatin on growth of HEK293 cells, and the protective effect of PMBE on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity of HEK293, and then detect the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>PMBE could promote growth of HEK293 cells at low concentrations, but generate slight nephrotoxicity at high concentration. Cisplatin could inhibit growth of HEK293 cells, increase ROS and MDA content, while reducing SOD, CAT and TrxR. The pre-protective PMBE was added to reduce cisplatin's injury to HEK293 cells, ROS, MDA and GSH content, SOD, CAT and TrxR within certain range.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PMBE at specific concentration has the protective effect in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in HEK293 cells. Its mechanism may be related to PMBE's antioxidant activity.</p>

Impact of magnetic field exposure on cardiac autonomic tone and inducibility of atrial fibrillation in dogs / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the maximal heart rate changes, atrioventricular (A-V) conduction block and atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility in dogs with vagosympathetic trunk exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The vagosympathetic trunk of adult dogs was separated and exposed to EMFs 0.043 kHz (2.87 microG, n = 5) and to EMFs 2 kHz (0.34 microG, n = 6) for two to three hours. Simultaneously, the vagosympathetic trunk was stimulated with 20 Hz frequency and 1 - 8 V intensity for 0.1 ms. Heart rate, presence of A-V conduction block and AF inducibility were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 5-minutes exposure to EMFs 0.043 kHz (2.87 microG), the maximal heart rate decreased 29%, the voltage applied to vagosympathetic trunk required to induce A-V conduction block decreased by 60% in experimental group versus 5% increase in control group. This effect lasted 2 to 3 hours. While vagosympathetic trunk exposure to EMFs 2 kHz (0.34 microG) was associated with significant increase in the incidence of atrial premature beats, atrial tachycardia and AF, these effects could be blocked by propranolol and atropine.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results showed that 0.043 kHz (2.87 microG) EMFs exposure might reduce while 2 kHz (0.34 microG) EMFs exposure might increase AF inducibility. Our study thus suggested autonomic nervous system of dogs could be affected by EMFs exposure and 0.043 kHz (2.87 microG) EMFs exposure might be a novel option for AF prevention.</p>

Constitution identification and treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion for menopausal women / 中国针灸

According to the theory of constitution and disease prevention of Chinese medicine, kidney deficiency, lack of nourishment of the Thoroughfare Vessel and the Conception Vessel as well as qi sufficiency and blood deficiency are taken as the main features of body constitutions of women during menopausal period. Acupuncture-moxibustion treatment before or in the early stage of menopausal period are discussed initially. Methods of tonifying the kidney and regulate qi and blood are held as the main treating principles. Acupuncture points such as Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenshu (BL 23), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Baihui (GV 20) are adopted as the main points. And proper stimulation of needling and moxibustion are applied. Thus, a new way of thinking is provided for disease prevention and health keeping of women during menopausal period in China.

Effect of wild-type p53 gene on the number and proteins of centrosome in leukemic K562 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene on the number and proteins of centrosome in K562 cells. To explore the possibility of application of wild-type p53 gene therapy in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant adenoviruses carrying wild-type p53 gene (Ad5 wtp53), mutant p53 gene (Ad5 mtp53) or the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was repeatedly amplified and co-infected into K562 cells with cation polybrene. The optimal infection titer and infection time of the recombinant adenoviruses were determined by MTT assay, p53 mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The centrosomal structural protein gamma-tubulin and the spindle protein alpha-tubulin were marked simultaneously by indirect immunofluorescence staining, and the expression of the centrosomal gamma-tubulin protein, the mitosis and the number of centrosome were observed under the laser confocal microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Infection efficiency with recombinant adenoviruses was facilitated by polybrene in K562 cells, and 4 microg/ml polybrene was chosen. The optimal adenovirus infection titer was 20,000 MOI and the optimal infection time was 72 hours. p53 mRNA and P53 protein can be expressed in K562 cells by Ad5wtp53 and Ad5mtp53. Both the expression of the centrosomal gamma-tubulin protein and the number of centrosomes were decreased after Ad5wtp53 infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is sustained expression of P53 protein in K562 cells after its infection by Ad5wtp53. Wild-type P53 protein can lead to the down-regulation of the number of centrosomes and the expression of centrosomal gamma-tubulin protein in K562 cells.</p>

Relationship between expression of caveolin-1 and pERK1/2 and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and pERK1/2 and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cav-1 and pERK1/2 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in samples obtained from 160 patients with NSCLC and 20 patients with normal lung tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Normal bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells were positive for Cav-1 (membranous and cytoplasmic staining patterns). The expression rate of Cav-1 in NSCLC was 65.6% (105/160), which was significantly lower than that in normal lung tissue (P = 0.002). The Cav-1-positive rates in well to moderately differentiated tumors and poorly differentiated tumors were 56.8% (46/81) and 75.7% (53/70), respectively (P = 0.015). The expression of Cav-1 was much higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (77.8%, compared with 55.7% in lymph node-negative group, P = 0.003). The expression was also higher in stage III to IV than in stage I to II disease (75.4%, compared with 58.2%, P = 0.024). The overall survival of patients with Cav-1-positive tumors (71.4%, 37.1% and 17.1% 1-, 3- and 5-year survival, respectively) was lower than those with Cav-1-negative tumors (89.1%, 69.1% and 43.6% 1-, 3- and 5-year survival, respectively, P = 0.000). On the other hand, normal bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells were negative for pERK1/2. The expression rate of pERK1/2 in NSCLC was 61.3%, which was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues (P = 0.000). The pERK1/2-positive rates in well to moderately differentiated tumors and poorly differentiated tumors was 53.1% and 71.4%, respectively (P = 0.021). The expression of pERK1/2 was much higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (80.6%, compared with 45.5% in lymph node-negative group, P = 0.000). The expression of pERK1/2 was also higher in stage III to IV than in stage I to II disease (76.8%, compared with 49.5%, P = 0.426). The overall survival of patients with pERK1/2-positive tumors (74.5%, 42.9% and 19.4% 1-, 3- and 5-year survival, respectively) was lower than those with pERK1/2-negative tumors (82.3%, 56.5% and 37.1% 1-, 3- and 5-year survival, respectively, P = 0.002). Cav-1 and pERK1/2 expression showed negative correlation (P = 0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Cav-1 expression is lower in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, whereas pERK1/2 expression is higher in NSCLC. Positive expression of Cav-1 and overexpression of pERK1/2 correlates with tumorigenesis and tumor progression of NSCLC. Cav-1 and pERK1/2 may serve as potential markers for predicting prognosis in NSCLC.</p>

Significance of abnormal expression of Rb,p53 and PCNA in patients with bladder carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To discuss the significance of abnormal expression of Rb,p53 and PCNA in patients with bladder carcinoma and the correlation with the tumor grade,clinical stage and relapse.Meth- ods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the Rb,p53 and PCNA gene expression in 60 cases with bladder carcinoma.Results The positive rates of p53,PCNA in 60 cases of bladder cancer is both 40.0 %.There were 27(45 %)cases lack of Rb expression.Multiple altered expression was found in 30 cases (50.0 %).The abnormal expression of Rb,p53 and PCNA was closely related to the tumor grade,clinical stage and relapse.Conclusion The detection of multiple gene is more valuable than that of single gene. Multiple altered expression of Rb,p53 and PCNA and their synergistic action might play an important role in the genesis and development of bladder cancer.

Preliminary study on the genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae on 50 isolates from China / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the genotypic mapping of Mycobacterium leprae identified in China and to compare with those from other countries to select suitable alleles for epidemiological investigation in the transmission chain of leprosy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Various number of tandem repeat(VNTR) in genomic DNA of Mycobacterium leprae was used in the present genotyping study. 33 skin biopsies from Wenshan prefecture,Yunnan province and 17 from other parts of China were studied. DNA extracted from skin biopsies of leprosy patients was subjected to PCR followed by agarose gel analysis and DNA sequencing to determine the number of repeats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Loci GGT-5,12-5,21-3 and 23-3 were as highly homogenous as 100%; The homogeneity of loci AC-8, 18-8, 27-5 and rpoT were 97%, 94%, 97% and 85% respectively. Loci GTA-9, AC-9 and 6-7 showed significant allelic diversity in isolates and the diversity of GTA-9 in Mycobacterium leprae isolated from China was also different from those identified other countries. We had subjected loci GTA-9 and the ten loci to phylogenetic tree analysis respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present study revealed that the genotype of Mycobacterium leprae identified from China was close to the strains from the Philippines and India although a few loci were somehow differentiate. Locus 12-5 manifested as only 3 copies in China whereas 4-5 copies predominating in other countries. 12-5 locus might serve as a useful marker to diffrentiate Chinese strains from those in other countries. However, further study on the diversity of GTA-9 was needed in China. The molecular typing of Mycobacterium leprae from different geographic areas might be useful in studying the transmission of leprosy.</p>

Effect of graded composite zirconia-hydroxyapatite on viability of rat osteoblast cells cultured in vitro / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of a novel orthopedic biomaterial,graded composite zireonia(ZrO2)hydroxyapatite(HAP)on activity of rat osteoblast ceils(OB)cultured in vitro. Methods The pure zirconia material was used as control to measure surface roughness of the composite material that was examined by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and X-ray diffraetometer (XRD).The rat osteoblast cells were cultured on the two materials.Alkali phosphatase(ALP)of the two groups was measured and ELISA was used to detect IL-6 and TGF-?eoncentration of the supematant of OB cells.Tumor growth factor-?(TGF-?)mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.SEM was used to observe OB cells on the two materials.The extract of the composite material was used for a eytotoxicity test to cal- culate the relative proliferation rate(RGR)and classify the toxicity.Results The surface roughness of the gradual composite materials was significantly higher than that of the control materials(P＜0.01). The ALP of the gradual material group was markedly higher than that of the control group at different in- tervals.There was significant difference of the IL-6 and TGF-?concentrations 2-4 days after culture be- tween two groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The mRNA level of TGF-?of the two OB groups also showed marked statistical difference(P＜0.01).The ossification of the OB cells on the composed material was marked after 14 days.The MTT color experiments showed no statistic significance between materials group and negative group,with the toxicity at levelⅠand 0(P＜0.05).Conclusion Graded composite ZrO2 HAP can significantly promote proliferation and differentiation of OB cells cultured in vitro and has good biocompatibility.

Gene diagnosis of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the characteristics of changes of p13E-11 labelled 4q35 EcoRI fragments and to make a gene diagnosis of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy(FSHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted and was digested by EcoR I /Bln I. After pulsed field gel electrophoresis, it was hybridized with probe p13E-11 by Southern blot. The illness was diagnosed as FSHD when the 4q35 EcoRI fragment was smaller than 38 kb.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 26 cases of FSHD, the fragments of 20 cases were smaller than 38 kb. The positive rate was 76.92%. In 12 cases of FSHD family members, the fragments of 2 cases were smaller than 38 kb. All fragments of the 21 controls were greater than 38 kb.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was rather good to use <38 kb as a standard for diagnosis of FSHD. The positive rate of FSHD was similar to that from the references.</p>